Organisms enter human tissues through two fundamental portals, which include mucosal surface and epithelial routes. Epithelial routes are entry portal on the body surface, which includes but are not limited to the skin. However, the mucosal entry portal includes, but is not limited to the digestive tract. Transmission of microorganisms happens straightforwardly starting with one individual, then on to the next by one through body contacts, sniffing, pollution, or blood transfusion. Consequently, vectors can transfer infections, which act as intermediaries to the human host. These vectors include mosquitoes, tapeworms, and flies. An individual can only be infected if the microbe successfully enters the host. By implication, the transmission channel can be horizontal or vertical. As the name implies, the transmission of microbes from one person to another is called horizontal transmission.
Thus, an individual must have direct contact with another person to facilitate the transfer. The methods of body contact could be sex, kissing, and touching to mention a few. However, vertical transmission describes the transfer of the causative agent from one person to another. The vertical ailment transmission includes passing an infection-creating specialist from the guardian to the offspring. Pathogens must have an approach to be transmitted starting with one host and then onto the next to guarantee their species’ survival. From a transformation viewpoint, an infection or microscopic organisms that cause its host to create hacking and sniffling side effects has an extraordinary survival advantage. Thus, the host could transfer the causative agent to the offspring. The point of entry to the body surface is called the locus.
Sexual Transmission
In this mode of transmission, contamination starts straightforwardly between surfaces in contact during intercourse. Consequently, sexual transmission of microorganisms could be achieved through discharge (semen or the liquid emitted by the energized female). Other points of entry could be oral sexual activities, which promote herpes contamination.
Direct Access: Contagious Diseases
Infections transmitted through specific routes or direct body contacts are called contagious diseases. Please note that contagious diseases can be transmitted from one person to another through direct or indirect contact. However, not all infections are contagious. Some contaminations require a vector agent to facilitate their survival in the host tissue. The locus of entry of microorganisms could be horizontal or vertical depending on the species. Consequently, disease transmission could be mucosal or epithelial, which depends on the causative agent. Curiously, some infectious sicknesses like tuberculosis were not traditionally thought to be infectious although they are transmitted from individual to individual. Direct transmission can occur through specific access to the causative agent or host of contaminants.