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Colonialism has contributed to the authoritarian and undemocratic nature of African politics. Thomson argues that the African government’s character of exploiting peasants and the proletariat was derived from a recourse of classism introduced in the continent by colonialists. The colonial regime was characterized by authoritarian governments and exploitation, which was...
Introduction The United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Israel have had intense relations for decades since the UAE’s independence. This is because Israel’s mere existence has been antithetical to Arab and Islamic interests in the region. Israel has continued with its mistreatment of the Palestinians and has been opposed to a...
Introduction E-government processes are related to technology use and citizen participation in politics. With regards to public administration, e-government refers to the transformation of government processes using interactive communication tools. The Internet is one appropriate way of improving interactive communication processes among people and institutions at all levels. Disparities in...
Transactional style Transactional leadership is characterized by the relationship between the leader and his followers. The director achieves the fulfillment of tasks from his followers through the “carrot and stick” method. Usually, a superior uses various rewards in exchange for the performance of his subordinates. Different bonuses and punishments contribute...
Using the death penalty over the years becomes rarer and is applied only after murders with aggravating circumstances. Having studied the historical background, it can be argued that the more conscious society becomes, the more followers of its abolition become. In the last century, there was a much stricter society...
Introduction The Obama and the Trump administrations dealt with various issues of foreign policy in strikingly different ways such that the two administrations form good examples for comparison of presidential foreign policy legacy. This analysis will demonstrate that although both presidents pursued the interests of the US, their approaches to...
Introduction The world is increasingly becoming a global village due to the emergent of improved means of communication and transport system. The global society is now closely knit than it ever was in history. Events happening in one part of the world easily affect people in the other part, as...
Introduction The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is a part of the US Defense Department. It deals with terrorist activities against the USA. Its primary purpose is to protect the citizens of America from terrorist attacks. This department was formed after the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. It has...
Realism bears its history from the works of Thucydides who gave an account of Peloponnesian war that took place about 2500 years ago. Realism gives some explanation on human behavior as a result of the absence of universal government. Realism explains international relations as a component of state’s power and...
Abstract New York and Texas have different motivations for pursuing diplomacy, although they both rely on the mechanisms provided by the U.S. federal foreign policy. The aim of this study is to find out the different approaches to diplomacy used by New York and Texas. The main method of collecting...
Introduction Globalization is simply defined as the interconnectedness of societies and convergence of systems, something that has existed for many years even though the term was coined recently. Human societies have always established closer contacts progressively, but the recent pace at which these societies are integrating is the in the...
Introduction Defining Neoconservative Ideology Neoconservative ideology refers to a branch of conservatism whose proponents share with other rationalists a propensity to conceive the State as an enterprise association” (Kerwick 11). The school of through involves people as collaborators who work with the government to realise a similar and constructive national...
Introduction Human history knows few wars that have resulted in no casualties – and most of these were wars in name only. Most conflicts feature casualties that may range from not particularly significant in the grand scheme of things and almost negligible when compared to populations involved to colossal. Yet...
Introduction Over the past two decades, the UAE (United Arab Emirates) has experienced substantial growth based on its focus on economic and infrastructure development. Initially supported through its oil wealth, the UAE has grown into one of the wealthiest regions in the world and is presently redeveloping itself from an...
Introduction European Union (EU) was established in the year 1993 after a series of treaties and trade agreements, between some European countries. With most of its policies originally from the previous European Economic Community (ECC) and European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), the EU is one of the world’s largest...
History of Death Penalty in America The death penalty is considered a capital punishment reserved for some crimes. An offender is sentenced to death in a court of law and subsequently executed using various methods as defined by the State. The execution in America was introduced by the British in...
Executive Summary Developing a policy that can offer the UAE a comprehensive guideline on managing its relationships with Iran is complex given a number of reasons. The relations between the two states have been volatile, to say the least, with both of them opening up for dialogue and collaboration only...
Introduction The independence of Kosovo from the Serbians was a unanimous decision made by Serbian minorities in 2008. However, the international recognition of Kosovo as an independent state has ever been under contention. In fact, United Nations member states have been torn into two on whether to grant Kosovo legal...
Introduction The existence and role of international law are subjects that should be examined in detail. Laws govern the behavior and interactions among humans and entities of all sorts. In the international context, the rules are set to guide how states act against each other in specified situations. Interstate clashes...
International politics are governed by state to state relations, which according to many observers appears to be uncertain and chaotic, defying predictable rational outcomes that science demands. Headley Bull provides two approaches to theory of international relations; namely the classical approach in which theory is derived from “philosophy, history and...
Abstract There has been a dramatic change in trade modalities between the US and China for the last 15 years. Before the advent of 1992 quantity trade volume between the two nations was estimated at $10 billion per year, but it grew by about 600% in 1999. This has in...
The death penalty has been a matter of intense debate and it has generated a lot of controversies for ages and one comes across a large number of arguments for and against this punishment. The death penalty was prevalent at one stage or another in many nations and several of...
Data science and its methods of analysis and reporting have become an essential part of everyday activities in various organizations of the public and private sectors. While the police have already implemented this approach, it is necessary to use it to maximum capacity. This issue has become even more topical...
Introduction Over three billion people worldwide live below the poverty line, that is, they live on less than a dollar a day. Thousands of children perish daily due to conditions that relate to poverty. Some of these conditions include diarrhea and malaria. Millions do not have access to immunizations and...
Introduction In local contexts, law enforcement and maintenance of security are not tasks bestowed on the military forces. The military forces work towards restoring justice and security in regions of conflict or crises (Winthrop, 2000). Whether formally or informally enacted, the law in any given society is an unending structural...
Motivations and factors that influenced Chile in foreign investment are several and have been discussed below. Cranberries are seasonal fruits. They were initially meant for thanksgiving purposes in the United States but later they became commercial. The demand was seasonal and therefore there was no market for the unsold berries...
Introduction The Chinese one child policy is simply a birth planning method that seeks to ensure that families have one child. As a matter of fact, it mostly applies to a number of families which aims to control the country’s population. It should be known that this is Chinas family...
Introduction This paper seeks to analyze and discuss the effect of external factors (host country effect) and internal factors (home country effect) in making a choice between Exports versus FDI entry mode. This paper asserts that companies wanting to expand are motivated first by profit maximization and other internal factors...
Summary The European Union is an economic and political union of countries in the European continent. It currently has 27 member states but this number is predicted to further rise in the future due to the increased number of countries applying for membership. The body was officially formed in 1993...
Abstract The paper discusses challenges in modern Russia associated with the corruption in police. An attempt is made to analyse the police reform initiated by former Russian president Dmitry Medvedev in 2011, compare it with police reforms in Georgia and Australia, and estimate the reform effectiveness supported by recent data,...
Introduction The process of rapid development of information technology around the world has led to the emergence of new threats and challenges to the national security of the states involved. China was not an exception, having made a significant breakthrough in technological development in the last decade, in the field...
Since the beginning of the 19th century, people on both social and legislative levels started questioning the existing patterns of human rights and freedoms. Hence, after the slavery abolition, the global community has become anthropocentric, and people from all over the world from that moment were considered equally vital social...
Abstract The paper considers e-government as the specific phenomenon of the era of information technology development. Case-study method is applied, with the evolution and current state of US e-government system as the example. The research includes both secondary study and empirical research based on expert interview with open questions, with...
Research Topic This paper contains a proposal for a study that will investigate Information Security Governance (ISG) in the Federal Government Entities (FGEs) of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Specifically, the project will construct a framework for ISG and its improvement in FGEs based on primary data from an FGE-focused...
Abstract Small countries have often been viewed as puppet states under the thumb of other nations, lacking the means of conducting independent foreign policy or the means to protect their own sovereignty. After the 2nd World War and the decline of armed violence as a means of achieving geopolitical goals,...
Introduction There cannot be many doubts on the extent of ‘evil’ that pervades society today. This has been the case from the time history started recording events. There has been constant endeavor from the side of the people and from the end of the intellectuals to enhance the way life...
Executive Summary The United States Armed Forces has the primary mandate of ensuring that the country is safe from any form of external attack. For a long time, the potential threat that it had to prepare to fight was hostile nations such as the Soviet Union/Russia, Iran, North Korea, and...
Abstract In a large infrastructure construction project, chances of coordination failures are numerous because of the large number of stakeholders and project participants involved. Several other factors including peculiar site conditions and nature of construction activities add to events that might cause coordination failures. Project management cannot ignore the impact...
Introduction The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict is a protracted conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan. The conflict started in the late 1980s and took a dramatic turn in the 1990s when both parties battled each other for the disputed region.1 So far, the war has evolved into an armed conflict characterized by ethnic...
Resilience is the ability of a system to take up interruption and restructuring while experiencing change in an attempt to maintain fundamentally the same role, arrangement, distinctiveness, and responses. Resilience denotes the capability of a material to take up energy after it is elastically deformed and free that energy upon...
Abstract This research will explore impacts of leadership effectiveness in strengthening influence of marginalized civil groups and subsets of civil society on the political process in Liberia. Lack of inputs of marginalized civil groups and local communities to make public decisions on budgeting and allocation of resources for development programs...
The ‘Responsibility to Protect’ (R2P) doctrine is declared by the United Nations Security Council as a new approach to prevent the atrocity crimes globally and to protect the civilians’ rights. The doctrine was developed in the 2000s in response to the humanitarian crises of the 1990s in Rwanda and Kosovo....
Introduction The ‘Responsibility to Protect’ (R2P) is declared by the United Nations Security Council and General Assembly as a new effective approach that was proposed in the 2000s in order to prevent the progress of mass atrocities globally. Referring to this strategy that includes a certain series of actions to...
Introduction When something is made a priority, it is by definition supposed to get better. The American public schools continue to struggle through hardships to deliver high-quality educational services to an increasingly diverse group of students despite the nation’s public schools being made a high priority by the nation’s policymakers...
Introduction The current proposal has been conceived mainly to write a dissertation on the role of corporate governance in determining the fair price of shares in the Saudi stock market. In more detail, the proposed research will inquire about the nature of the Saudi stock market, examine the factors that...
Abstract Fire fighting is a risky job yet even the developed nations do not have effective programs that ensure safety of the fire-fighters and public volunteers who come to assist in the event of an emergency. And as such there are many incidences of fire-fighter deaths resulting from poor coordination...
Outline This paper examines the ramifications of public administration, especially in the context of its pecuniary and fiscal aspects. Public administration associated with city funding involves several complex matters because of the heterogeneous character of the urban areas. City budgeting includes means of allocation of all the resources particularly in...
Introduction International relationships are critical in the development of various economies. This arises from the fact that countries depend on each other for various reasons. Growth in the rate of globalization is culminating in an increment in the rate at which countries are becoming integrated. This means that national boundaries...
What is the Essence of Kurdish Question The Kurds are native inhabitants of Western Asia. However, historical conflicts have prevented these people from establishing their own state. Moreover, today the Kurds are the largest people on the planet without their statehood. During the complex historical processes, its representatives formed key...
American Interest Groups It is evident that one person is unlikely to make any difference to the U.S. government processes and politics. Since people’s power is in numbers, political institutions usually respond to a collective voice. That is why there are special organizations called American interest groups, also known as...
Branches of the U.S. government – legislative, executive, and judicial – are designed to co-exist and complement each other. The underlying principle of constitutionalism implies that each division has special powers, structure, and functions. The purpose of the paper is to illustrate and analyze relations between the legislative and executive...
Abstract Social media has become critical in interaction for both public discourses as well as targeted discussions. The nature of social media allows the sender of a message not only to send out the information they want their target audience to know, but also to monitor and evaluate the number...
The purpose of this essay is to analyze the relationship between society and the State, their connection, and to discuss the existence of a community without laws. The government appeared only at a fairly late period of human history, in which, however, people are used to living and therefore perceive...
Abstract After sweeping over America, Canada and other developed nations, social networking sites are making inroads into the African community. Many African countries have adopted this form of virtual socialization, and Nigeria is such one country. These sites include Twitter, MySpace, and Hi5 among others. However, Facebook seems to have...
Problem-Solving Technique Employed The key issue of the problem was identified as public mistrust and critic of the police departments for their engaging in racial profiling, which caused the ineffectiveness of the law enforcement authorities in preventing general security. In order to rectify the problem of racial profiling, the program...
The Scope and Nature of the Public Policy Problem The concept of social security was introduced into American social policies as the means of protecting vulnerable groups and addressing the instances of inequality within the American community. According to the definition suggested by the U.S. government, social security is a...
Abstract ICTY – International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia investigates crimes committed by the former military rulers of Yugoslavia. The crimes investigated are crimes against humanity, ethnic cleansing and murder on a large scale. Experienced investigators who are recruited from the police forces of different countries conduct investigations and...
Introduction The international environment is a significant issue in the modern world. It is so because this phenomenon refers to challenging relationships between different nations. They are challenging since world countries represent various cultures, religions, economic levels, and political theories. The latter ones are of significance because they determine how...
Introduction For centuries, the British Empire was a force to be reckoned with, dominating the European political stage and rapidly expanding its influence worldwide. However, new powers emerging in the aftermath of World Wars changed the rules of the game, and Britain was forced to accept the lesser role on...
Introduction NATO (The North Atlantic Treaty Organization) comprises of 28 countries from Europe and North America which have come together to achieve the goals of the North Treaty of 4 April 1949. The alliance gives countries a forum to consult on security issues and after deliberations come up with joint...
Abstract In the United States offenses considered criminal are determined by statutes. The statutes give a clear sentence guideline on type of punishment to be meted. The rules are set out in the statutes to also govern the trials on criminal and pre-criminal proceeding. All the criminal procedures are set...
Non-Governmental Organizations are private, voluntary organizations made up of persons or associations that convene with a common objective. They range from grassroots organizations to known worldwide organizations. Some of the non-governmental organizations are funded by private means, while others depend partly on governmental funds1. Other non-governmental organizations meet their objectives...
Introduction The international organization is viewed from a number of perspectives according to the different international relations theorists. The theorists include realists, neo-functionalist and regime theorists. The formation and governance of international organizations have presented a challenge globally. There are a few theories that attempt to explain and give a...
Introduction to the Study Introduction An examination of the current literature surrounding CEMAC (the Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa) reveals that few studies have attempted to examine the impact of regional integration on trade and human migration on a local level among the Central African states. The importance...
Introduction An examination of the current literature surrounding CEMAC (the Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa) reveals that few studies have attempted to examine the impact of regional integration on trade and human migration on a local level among the Central African states. The importance of accomplishing such a...
The modern governing system is a complex network of political parties and participation in such parties involves working towards the administration and order in the country. During the presidential election it is more beneficial and influential to be involved in a political party because there are more ways and chances...
The world has several times seen the unions of countries and nations, some of which are still present today. EEC stands for European Economic Community and is one such union. The original name for EEC is the Treaty of Rome, which was signed on March 25, 1957. The European Community...
Is true peace only possible among democracies? To answer this question the past, present and future states of many countries must be considered. Numerous peacekeeping efforts are being made today. As the awareness of the need for peace is increasing, more and more countries are joining in the efforts to...
Introduction Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is important within the private sector. All corporations are obliged to provide assistance to communities. It is important for firms to give back both to their consumers and the general environment. This explains the basic foundation of CSR (Utting & Marques, 2009). There exist significant...
Introduction Elimination or reduction of nuclear weapons is referred to as nuclear disarmament. It is aimed at doing away with nuclear weapons globally. Several demonstrations have taken place to eliminate nuclear weapons. The biggest anti-nuclear demonstration in the history of America took place in 1982, in New York. The advocates...
Ways in which Foreign Governments Interests Affect the United States of America In family and individual life, people have to form relationships with others around them in order to survive because of the varied differences we all have that complement each other. Similarly, in the governance of any country in...
Introduction Marijuana is a product of a plant known as Cannabis sativa. People refer to is as weed, pot or ganja. Users normally use marijuana for recreational purposes. It relaxes the mind and gives the user a happy feeling. Tetrahydrocannabinol is the active element in Marijuana. This element causes an...
Today’s government of the United States has to deal with a wide range of issues concerning both domestic and foreign policy. The fight against illegal immigration has always been one of the major problems of the USA. In 1994, the government started to construct the Great Wall between Mexico and...
Abstract The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has advanced its position from the 80th rank in the year 2005 to 70th rank in the year 2008 in the matter of e-government readiness as assessed by the United Nations. However, the implementation of e-government initiatives by the country was not an easy...
Introduction Deficit spending is usual for the United States government. When taxes are not enough to meet the requirements stated in the federal budget, the difference is covered by borrowed funds. It means that the government works in the deficit. However, deficit spending is not a sound practice because it...
Introduction The UAE and Dubai governments strive for raising public services to the new level, from e-government to smart government. The smart government tools involve measurement of consumers’ satisfaction and happiness and provision of the corresponding reports to assess efficiency of various programs. The government of Dubai launched such incentives...
Introduction Several countries have been involved in the dispute over a group of small islands located in the South China Sea. In this case, one should first mention China that makes these territorial claims. However, it is also necessary to consider Vietnam, Taiwan, Malaysia, and the Philippines that also want...
Introduction Humanitarian intervention has increasingly become a contentious issue in legal, political, social and ethical discourses. According to Brunnée and Toope (2010), the United Nations Charter prohibits states from subjugating the sovereignty of other countries under the provisions of Article 2(4). This Article requires nation-states to refrain from taking actions...
Abstract Advancement of information and communication technology has enhanced the use of functionalities of the tools like internet, email and mobile phones which in turn has proved to be the best media for greater level of interaction of citizens and businesses with the local and central governments. This has also...
Introduction Introduction The first chapter introduces the background of the research, provides the rationale, and identifies the research problem. The research questions and objectives of the study are discussed to define the goal that has to be achieved in the project. The chapter also outlines hypotheses and the significance of...
Abstract Leadership in the public sector is a sensitive topic in the United Arab Emirates that is yet to be effectively explored by local scholars. The government is heavily involved in numerous developmental projects as a way of spurring economic growth and reducing overreliance on the oil and gas sector....
Introduction Regional power is among the most important concepts of modern geopolitics. Among the criteria of regional power is self-conception, serious impact on the regional geopolitics, resourcefulness, being interconnected with the regional countries, great influence on the local affairs, impact on the local governance structures, being respected as a regional...
Introduction The Voting Right Act of 1965 The Voting Right Act signed in 1965 and proclaiming the national legislation of the USA is the basic document protecting minorities from discriminatory voting policy and disenfranchisement. This act created a new political reality with a racial diversity of the party coalition, the...
Abstract The government of Dubai has been heavily focusing on the public sector and investing in the infrastructural development of mega-projects to support and increase the economic growth of the nation and have reliable alternatives to the gas and oil sector. These mega-projects may include the construction of major buildings,...
Partial separation of powers – is the model of governance in which three branches of power overlap in some ways. That means that legislative, executive and judicial branches share some powers and responsibilities. In England, for example, judicial power is involved in the affairs of the government which means the...
The EU and the UK The European Union was seen as a platform for close collaboration of European countries that would ensure their stability and ability to address threats associated with globalization. Ironically, one of the central goals of the EU was the struggle against nationalist conflicts that led to...
Introduction The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations is a vital act in the system of international relations. It governs the conduct and status of diplomatic entities throughout the world. It builds the legal foundation for diplomatic interactions between independent states. For any diplomat, this document possesses extreme importance, since it...
Introduction Aid is a term that is used to refer to help or assistance. In international relations, aid (also known as international aid or foreign aid) involves provision of help willingly by one country (donor) to another (recipient), given with the aim of benefiting the country in need (recipient). It...
Introduction The theory of ‘in place’ and ‘out of place’ tends to stratify the society on the basis of the correct placement of each social stratum. These strata could rely on economic affluence, ideologies, gender, race or religion. This phenomenon is an interesting focal point, when examining the instances when...
Introduction Nowadays, it became a commonplace practice among many political scientists in the West to refer to the notion of ‘soft power’ (as defined by Joseph Nye), as such that illustrates the validity of the idea that the very essence of the dynamics in the arena of international politics undergoes...
Purpose The purpose of this briefing note is to present information on the nature and characteristics of guerilla warfare. The briefing note will specifically focus on: Definition of Guerilla Warfare Definition of Guerilla Warfare History of guerilla warfare Formation of Guerilla Units Organization of Guerilla Warfare Can Victory be attained...
Scholars have conducted extensive research on the issue of e-governance especially its relevance in modern society. Bwalya (2009, p. 89) notes that the world is changing very fast due to technological advancement, and this has made it necessary to find better management approaches other than the traditional ways of governance....
Abstract This section describes the Clayton County Library System concerning issues of public policy development, enactment, and implementation. In the process, it considers the library’s policy on children. It, therefore, explains how the policy issue was addressed in the organization, a clarification of desired outcomes, the actual approach used to...
Introduction Even though democracy has been hailed as the most appropriate basis of public governance, it has been associated with several challenges. Besides, there have been many scholars who have provided critiques of its ideals (Yu, 2010). Based on these facts, this essay discusses specific issues regarding policy, governance, and...
Abstract A crisis management program for the United Arab Emirates is critical because of the potential threat presented by natural disasters and artificial emergencies which leads to economic loss, loss of lives, breakdown of law and order, and the destruction of critical infrastructure. The ministry of the interior should coordinate...
Abstract There is a problem in Springfield, Illinois. According to Forbes magazine, Springfield, Illinois is the third most dangerous city in the United States. Springfield, Illinois is also the fourth most dangerous city in the United States for women. This determination was made by Forbes magazine after reviewing the 2010...
Introduction “Today’s community expects public agencies to operate consistently and equitably. The community also expects that government at all levels will have systems in place to ensure this happens” (Queensland Ombudsman 1). However, the decision-making processes that characterise the functions of government departments are complex because they have far-reaching implications...
List of Abbreviations Afghan Border Police = ABP Afghan National Army = ANA Afghan National Police = ANP Afghan Uniformed Police = AUP Afghan Counter-Narcotics Police = ACNP Afghan National Civil Order Police = ANCOP Army Forces Strategic Command = AFSC Army Space and Missile Defense Command = ASMDC Combined...
Introduction USA PATRIOT stands for “Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism” (United States, 2001, p. 1). The USA PATRIOT Act was adopted in October 2001 as a response to the September 11 attacks and the terrorist threat. The law contains ten titles...
Within the context of zero-sum theory, according to which a participant’s gains should equal the losses of utility of another participant, relative gains refer to actions of the parties concerning power balancing, regardless of other factors. For instance, many international organizations rely on cooperation as a necessary condition for balancing...
Introduction As a direct result of advances in Information and Communication Technology (ICT), particularly the Internet, citizens have developed a whole new set of expectations regarding the methods and processes used in interacting with their respective governments. Following in the footsteps of the revolution in consumer purchasing established by e-commerce,...
Politics in organizations are extensive and instrumental in determining the performance of the workers as well as assigning resources. However, politics in organizations is triggered by certain factors including the working conditions and the prevailing environment. Organizational politics have both positive and negative impacts on organizations (Bodla and Danish, 2009)....