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Introduction The criminal justice system is one of the areas of administration that requires a code of ethics. In past years, several research studies have been conducted to study the relationship between ethics and professional behavior in the criminal justice system. Ethics is vital in the criminal justice because law...
Introduction Nobel laureate, Robert Millikan quantified the unit charge of an electron courtesy of his oil drop experiment in the year 1909. As such, in his experimental setup, he was able to charge minute oil droplets under free fall between charged plates inside a chamber, suspend them courtesy of an...
Data and Facts The cultivation of GM crops has increased exponentially since 1996 when less than three million hectares of crops were GM’ (Grossman 258). In 2008, over 125 million hectares were used to grow biotech crops globally. The United States is the world’s largest cultivator of GM crops with...
Abstract Stem cells have given much hope by promising to significantly increase the numbers and range of patients who could gain from transplants and to offer cell replacement remedies to treat unbearable illnesses such-as diabetes, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s ailment. The subject concerning stem cells is politically charged, quickening environmentalists to...
Introduction The issue of prison crowding has taken a central place in the criminal justice debate over the past decade. Most of the states and the Federal Bureau of Prisons have reported serious overcrowding problems with complaints by prisoners and administrators growing in intensity as the rate of prison growth...
Introduction A mere mention of the word euthanasia draws everyone’s attention to the assisted suicide battle that featured in 1990, the main antagonist being Jack ‘Doctor Death’ Kevorkian. The question of whether doctors or any other person should really help others die has elicited emotive debates since time immemorial. The...
Introduction A contract refers to an agreement formulated voluntarily by two or more people, the main intention being the desire to create a legal obligation. A contract, in most cases, has elements in writing. However, on some occasions, it may be made orally, provided the parties involved come into a...
Introduction During the periods of 1901 to 1973 many policies were placed that created an air of racial antagonisms (Jensz 2010, p 192). The various acts passed by the Victorian government were to more established on locking out non-white immigration into Australia so that the whites in Australia would not...
As the range of EU competences broaden in the field of employment and industrial relations, EU law is seen to replace national labour laws increasingly as the future progresses (Eurofound, 2011). The passing of the Equal Pay act in 1970 preceded UK’s entry to the European Union in 1973, the...
Introduction The US Department of State’s Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor publish yearly reports on the state of human rights practices in different countries of the world. The 2010 report on the state of human rights in the UAE is most disturbing due to the things that were...
The most common method used to deter crime is the combined efforts of law enforcement agencies and the judiciary. In an ideal situation, these two forces create a deterrent that reduces the number of criminals in the streets and at the same time, creates fear in the hearts and minds...
Introduction Employment law, also called the labor law, is the body made up of laws, administrative rulings, and precedents that safeguard the legal rights of the employers and the employees. Labor law mediates many aspects of the relationship between employers, employees, and trade unions. The main aim of the labor...
The International Labor Organization deals with the working conditions, freedom of organizing, maternity protection, child labor, social security discrimination and so much more and won a Nobel Peace prize in 1969. The organization was formed by the League of Nations after World War I as a treaty of Versailles. The...
Executive Summary Environmentally friendly behaviors comprise the efforts of an individual to reduce the negative impacts, which might cause harm to both physical and natural environment. This can only be achieved by decreasing the amount of resources used and the energy used in production. In addition to that, individuals can...
Introduction Different cultural practices and believes practiced by different groups in the society tend to have either negative or positive impact on health of those people. In reviewing how cultural diversity affects health of the people in that particular group we will look at native americans and how their cultural...
Introduction Digital divide is a concept used to describe the disparity between individuals, families, businesses, and geographic regions at poles apart socio-economic levels. This is with reference to their prospects in accessing information and communication technologies (ICT’s), as well as their utility of the internet for an extensive variety of...
Introduction Human Genome Project was formed by the US section of Energy and other Human Genome Programs. The project began in 1990 and was to last for 15 years but technological improvements led to its early completion in 2003. Its main aim was to distinguish human genetic material by finding...
There are several forms of business entities that govern the operation of various business organizations in the world today. Research asserts that the majority of the large businesses operate either as corporations, partnerships, or limited liability companies (LLC). The main differences among the three entities occur in the formation requirements,...
Introduction Law enforcement is one of the most challenging activities in most nations. Crime has been on the rise and has been a wakeup call for governments to step-up policing in their respective nations (Palmiotto & Unnithan, 2011). There is complexity in enforcing law in the US due to existence...
Introduction The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict is a protracted conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan. The conflict started in the late 1980s and took a dramatic turn in the 1990s when both parties battled each other for the disputed region.1 So far, the war has evolved into an armed conflict characterized by ethnic...
Introduction Response Rate The study targeted 180 respondents in collecting data about comparing green facades to green roofs in a hot and humid environment. From the study, 164 out of the 180 sample respondents, filled in and returned the questionnaires making a response rate of 91%. This reasonable response rate...
Introduction Few literatures explicitly explain the difference between contemporary art and digital art. However, there is no doubt regarding the fact that both forms of art represent different eras in the history of art. Smith explains that contemporary art is a collection of art works produced after the Second World...
Introduction Since the September 11 attack, the United States has spent billions of dollars to improve security and emergency preparedness. Additionally, there have been numerous private and government initiatives aimed at improving public safety. Apart from the initiatives, Americans have taken steps to guarantee their safety. Since the attack, Americans...
The media plays a great role in defining the audience’s perspectives concerning issues happening all over the world. Terrorists have often used some form of media to advocate their cause. They use different forms of media to attract attention and show what they are doing. In fact, terrorism is just...
Introduction Torture has been a lasting practice among people due to its ability to extract important information from people. However, the practice is inhumane and harmful to all participants, and discussions about its morality have been ongoing for a long time. As with many other similar issues, the many different...
Introduction In the present competitive business environment, organizations are forced to incorporate technology in business undertakings. Development and implementation of information systems is thus a common activity in many organizations (Stair, Reynolds & Reynolds, 2009). With proper implementation and use of information systems, businesses have been able to offer cost...
Introduction In law, a person is responsible for his rights and his liabilities. He/she therefore stands a chance to enjoy the rights and privileges that come with this doctrine or suffer the consequences of his actions once he/she breaches the laws that have been set to act as rules and...
Introduction A clear definition of the term “human rights” is one of the major factors that contribute to upholding the values of members of a given society and, indeed, the entire universe. However, describing the difference between social and human rights necessitates thoughtfulness because it is compounded with conflicting inferences....
Introduction The other major challenges that were noted are related to the economic disruptions because of the business cycles that are exaggerated. If these economic fluctuations are accompanied by exchange rate fluctuations, this could have an effect on the cash flow for the contractors, especially if their payments are denominated...
Resilience is the ability of a system to take up interruption and restructuring while experiencing change in an attempt to maintain fundamentally the same role, arrangement, distinctiveness, and responses. Resilience denotes the capability of a material to take up energy after it is elastically deformed and free that energy upon...
Introduction The debate on the refurbishment or demolition of old buildings with the underlying need to boost environmental, social, and economic viabilities is a debate that has raged on in many countries over the centuries. According to ODPM (2003) report, UK policies have been reflected in the demolitions of insanitary...
Introduction The article ‘Native Americans: Traditional healing’ by Broome and Broome, gives an insight into the cultural and health related differences between Native Americans and American Indians. This paper addresses some of the issues that health care providers face when communicating across cultures and how these problems can be addressed...
Introduction When it comes to the meaning of the concept of parenting, not only the biological fathers and mothers are recognized as parents but also any other individuals involved in the process of taking care of a child and raising him or her (Geddes, Haw & Frank 2010, p. 7)....
Introduction The polygamy issue appears weird in the Christian communities and the reaction is always violent. Normally, polygamy is treated with horror and unanimous revulsion in Christian communities. Polygamy is the practice whereby a man marries many wives at the same time (Mensch, 2003). In principle, there exist three polygamy...
Introduction Parents are able to control children and bar them from what they perceive as wrong during their tender years. However, this is not possible during the teenage as it is the age of exploration where every teen wants to try almost everything. Video games present the subject of interest...
Community-oriented policing is a collaborative work of the community and the police to identify and solve an issue. This branch of policing was initially established as an alternative to the traditional models of policing and helped in establishing the 1994 Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act. The act put...
Introduction The American judicial system has two types of courts, federal courts and state courts. They work together in strengthening the justice system in the country. Federal courts use laws that are binding to all the citizens while state courts operate on laws designed specifically for particular states. This paper...
Abstract The transport industry has greatly improved over the past years, for instance, passengers’ safety. The concerns of passengers’ safety were raised due to the September 11, 2001, attack on the World Trade Center via a passenger plane that was forced to blast into the building. This led to the...
Introduction Due to the hostile environment in the Persian Plateau, gardening design was improvised so as to cope with the negative factors brought about by this. This has led to an improvised design of gardening that adapts to the harsh Iranian landscape. Persia is centrally located in what is today...
Abstract The transfer of risk is a concept that has many theories attached to it. It has to be understood from its practical significance. It is in the risk establishment that the different parties get to understand their duties in the contract and the repercussions of not adhering to the...
Introduction People have used petroleum as the primary transportation energy for a long time. Nevertheless, petroleum is not the only fuel that can power trucks and cars. Individuals have come up with an alternative, environmentally friendly sources of fuel. Today, people extract biofuel from plants such as soybeans and corn....
Title of the experiment Carboxylic Acids and Esters: Preparation of Methyl Salicylate (Oil of Wintergreen). Objective of the Experiment The objective of the experiment is to synthesize methyl salicylate, which is an ester, from salicylic acid and methanol through the process of esterification. The experiment achieves the objective by reacting...
Introduction Euthanasia is one of the controversial and widely contested issues in legal circles across the world. The United States is not an exception, as many state governments have made numerous efforts to develop effective policies and legislation geared towards addressing the issue. Mercy killing or the act of painlessly...
Introduction The following paper is a study of the different theories that have been propounded in an attempt to understand the concept of leadership, specifically how good leadership plays a pivotal role in conflict resolution in any workplace. The paper undertakes to examine how different leadership approaches are manifested in...
Abstract This presentation dwells upon some differences between such types of the court systems as criminal, civil, trial, appeals, courts of last resort, courts of general jurisdiction, courts of specific jurisdiction. Focus of the court The criminal court focuses on criminal issues including but not confined to assault, theft, robbery,...
Introduction The companies that operate in the industry of airlines should always be sure that the customers are provided with the top-quality services. Furthermore, the clients of the airline companies come into contact with products provided by the suppliers of the companies. Thus, the companies employ performance-based contracts with contractors...
Introduction Various architects have designed various historical buildings that are still iconic to date. Some of the greatest buildings to be designed by famous architects include museums. Most of the museums have unique structures and reflect the architect’s creativity through the designs and the materials used. This is a paper...
Introduction Theories are statements that are formulated to explain specific aspects of world processes. Theories systematically employ high quality of knowledge and specific scenarios to elaborate the truth concerning certain phenomena. Theories can therefore employ real knowledge or can be hypothetical unless proven. For instance, various theories have been used...
Abraham Maslow made five basic assumptions about motivation within his famous theory of personality. The first one is that motivation affects the entire organism, not its part (holistic approach). Secondly, several diverse motives (factors) contribute to motivation’s complexity (Taormina & Gao, 2013). Third, Maslow revealed that human beings are continuously...
Introduction Communication is arguably the corner stone on which any successful relationship, be it business or personal, is built. All professions require a degree of effective communication for success to be achieved. The nursing profession is one of the professions where effective communication is not only desirable but essential for...
Introduction The debate on drug legalization is intricate. The debate on whether certain drugs considered harmful to human health should be prohibited or not has always stirred controversies across the public domain. This is not peculiar to the United States. It happens across the world such as in Portugal where...
Introduction In the society today, many crimes are going on. However, adults are not the only people who commit these crimes. One of the contentious issues today is whether juvenile offenders should be treated as adults when they commit criminal offences. To determine whether they should be treated as adults,...
Introduction United States is the leading country in the world with the highest number of persons incarcerated in jails and prisons; and also the leading country with the highest number of prisons, most of which have been built over the last few decades (Parenti, 2008). In United States, like many...
Research methods Survey methods are used when one plans on collecting descriptive information. They may be structured, unstructured, direct, or indirect. Researchers can use the survey method, through questionnaires and interviews, to collect data about various variables. One then uses analytical techniques to make inferences between the variables (McBurney &...
Introduction Ever since the American revolutions, women have played a significant role in as far as military conflicts are concerned. However, it was not until World War II started that the role of women in the military gained immense prominence. Their participation was prompted by the realization that the total...
Introduction Airport security has become paramount in the wake of attacks targeting airplanes and airport facilities. A number of security measures have been taken and others upgraded following the happenings of September 9/11. There is need to ensure more security or that security is beefed up since airliners remain a...
Introduction The Nuremberg trials were carried out between 1945 and 1946 in Nuremberg, Germany. It was conducted on the war criminals of Nazi Germany after World War II. It was conducted under the parameters of IMT or the International Military Tribunal. The prosecution included important associates of the Nazi government...
State-sponsored terrorism is a term loosely used to describe terrorism sponsored by nation-states. As with terrorism, the precise definition and the identification of particular examples are subjects of heated political dispute but here we take the example of Hugo Chavez of Venezuela, Modern Day Bolivia who has great distaste for...
Sciences and in-depth knowledge about human and animal genetics have received extensive attention and reached heights that were not expected. Modifications to the genetic information and the types of outcomes have been surprising but at the same time, met with some displeasement. This sort of engineering has resulted in modified...
Introduction The criminal justice professionals face ethical issues every day while carrying out the duties that can be related to the criminal justice system. The main purpose of the paper is to provide the factual analysis of the ethical situations and to examine how the choices affected the individual, community,...
Abstract The purpose of this project is to carry out a comparative analysis of two technologies for polishing Treated Sewage Effluent (TSE) water that is used in District Cooling Systems as a cooling medium. The purpose of using TSE is to save freshwater which is a very scarce resource in...
Abstract The energy detection of unknown signals going through fading channels is an important aspect of communication technology. There are various methods that have been proposed in order to provide approximations to these parameters. Studies have been done by Urkowitz and Kostylev on how to effectively measure the energy content...
Objective The objective of this experiment was to separate individual constituents of a given organic sample that had various solubility properties. The chemical process involved extraction of constituent elements because some solutes are highly soluble than others. Drug manufacturers have exploited differences in solubility of individual components in drugs to...
Introduction The definitions and evaluations of “leadership” and “management” have increasingly gained currency among social scientists and practitioners as organizations and agencies the world over attempt to be versatile, flexible, and adaptable to the needs and expectations of the 21st century (Karimu, 2012). Leadership and management are extremely cherished commodities...
Introduction Labor laws are guidelines that regulate the relationship between employees, unions, employers, and the government. The legislations serve a number of purposes. The primary role of the decrees is to create a balance between the bargaining power of the workers and their managers. According to Budd, these laws grant...
Introduction The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 requires that all students in the United States show clear progress towards meeting educational performance standards in mathematics, English/language Arts (ELA), social studies and the sciences (Abedi & Dietel, 2004). In an effort to measure this progress, high-stakes examinations, such as...
Executive Summary The purpose of this report is to discuss the preparedness of Australia in terms of policy, planning, and management to mitigate the effects of climate change on marine and coastal environments. Climate change is not only a global issue but also a continental issue that affects Australia. Transport...
Substantive law incorporates written statutory rules that govern how people behave and are mostly passed by the legislature. The statutory rules define the crimes and set forth the appropriate punishment mechanisms for such crimes (Walston-Dunham 152). The laws also establish the rights and obligations defining what an individual citizen should...
Introduction Saudi Arabia, which is a sovereign nation in the Middle East, is the largest member of the Gulf Cooperation Council (Al-Rasheed 5). Just like any other sovereign nation, the country has its unique laws and permissible approaches that guide its legal system. This paper compares and contrasts the law...
Abstract The general objective of this study was to determine the ethical issues of sponsorships for museums. In line with the general objective, the study examined the following specific objectives: to determine the effectiveness of business ethics on sponsorships of museums, to determine the level of integrity in the management...
Introduction The museums of contemporary and digital art have gained a lot of prominence because they have improved the way people view and understand the art pieces that are displayed in them. Contemporary museums of art have become more responsive to the changing lifestyles and ideas, which are ever-evolving in...
Introduction The environment is very delicate and needs protection if it is expected to help sustain humanity. Global warming is an issue that has raised a lot of concern globally. The developed countries, especially China and the United States, have been identified to be the leading countries where greenhouse gases...
Executive Summary Since industries use thermo-sensitive devices and processes, they require temperature control tools. Automatic temperature controllers are effective in regulating temperature because they do not require humans to read and make appropriate adjustments. The temperature controller comprises switch controller, thermistor, AC power, AC/DC power, circuit breaker, cooling system, heating...
The effectiveness of the project implementation and proposed solution for the concrete facility depends on the outcomes of the intervention. In this context, it is important to determine approaches that are appropriate to evaluate the project’s results. Furthermore, it is significant to identify variables relevant to assess the outcomes of...
Introduction The security and safety of the public is among the major concerns for any government. For these reasons, justice systems aimed at enhancing the security of their citizens were adopted by the state government. The police and the courts play a major role in security related issues. While the...
Introduction While acts of terrorism are as old as human civilization, the terrible events of 11th September 2001 in America brought home the painful reality to Americans of the capability of terrorist attacks to disrupt society’s life. Terrorists had achieved the unthinkable on the very soils of America causing massive...
Introduction The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is the world’s oldest and most dealt with conflict ever to be seen. However, with the world’s best minds, this conflict remains a challenge with mediators after mediators fail to come up with a concrete solution to it. History has proven us wrong to treat this...
Introduction Counterterrorism is the acts, practices and procedures that different states of the world use in the retaliation against acts and threats of terrorism. It is the mandate of all the governments of the world to protect their subjects and ensure that peace and security is maintained within its borders....
Abstract This paper delves into the various military views regarding terrorism and advocates for a different stance in dealing with the issue due to the adverse results that current military-based methods have had on the world’s perspective on America. With the various uprisings that have been occurring within the Middle...
Phylogeny The planarians, like Dugesia, are one of the types of non-parasitic flatworms that have been an object of numerous investigations and studies due to their phylogeny, anatomy, ecology, and even regeneration peculiarities (Ruppert, Fox, Barnes, 2004). About 70 species of Dugesia are already known (aenigma, japonica, notogaea, etc.), and...
Bill Hing’s work ‘Ethical Borders’ reveals how countries have a moral responsibility of restructuring their immigration guidelines with reference to the fact that Mexicans’ migration into the US has been the result of American policy choices. I agree with Hinge’s viewpoint since immigration policies regulate the inflow and outflow of...
Introduction Destination branding is one of the most critical strategies of obtaining a competitive edge against other places that compete for the same market segment especially in tourism. In essence, the destinations can be a country, region or a city among others. The concept is viewed as a way of...
Introduction Energy is used for various purposes. In the modern industrialized world, it is used both for domestic and industrial purposes. According to Boyle, 2004, the world consumes 6×1013 kilowatt-hour annually. The challenge that the world is facing is the depletion of energy sources mostly non-renewable sources. On the other...
Acid rain is precipitation with a pH below 5.6, attributed largely to impurities dissolved from emitted automobile exhausts as well as pollutants from combust hydrocarbons. Acid rain includes precipitation of acid fog, acid sleet and acid snow. The impacts of acid precipitation are acidic threats of rains; however, this may...
Abstract Indeed, our lives, soil, underground water and the environment as a whole are greatly affected by the activities of oil exploration and production. Notably, oil exploration and production activities are very common in regions such as Alberta, Saskatchewan, and British Columbia. Oil exploration sites have proved to be very...
“This Is What It Means to Say Phoenix, Arizona”, is a short story that discussed the physical and mental journey of Victor when he traveled from Washington to Phoenix. Victor is a Native American living on a reservation somewhere in the state of Washington. One day he found out that...
The author gives three hypotheses concerning the evolution of segmentation. These hypotheses involve the evolution of segments in three main phyla that include arthropods, annelids, and chordates. Hypothesis 1 states that each phylum acquired its segmentation following an independent process. Hypothesis 2 states that segmentation evolved both in an independent...
Introduction The concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) may be adopted in different places because of different reasons. It emerged in the European nations towards the end of the 1990s. Its main objective was to resolve social problems such as unemployment, especially amongst young people in a bid to enhance...
Abstract Parenting is a noble task, but one that comes with a number of challenges. Every parent often wants the best for his or her child, but not all of them are able to do this. In this study, the primary aim of the researcher is to investigate and report...
Abstract Autism is among the very many developmental disorders that affect young children. This neurological disorder causes the child to exhibit abnormalities in social behavior and difficulties in communication due to its adverse effect on the information processing part of the brain. It specifically causes a disconnection as well as...
Background Consumption demands on naturally occurring materials and energy sources in the world today are viewed to be critical factors and driving forces behind the concept of sustainability in the architectural world. The concept focuses on unique properties of reusability and recyclability of these resources with minimal impact on the...
Introduction The article in question focuses on a famous TV channel that some people see as a threat to morality and Christian values. Some people believe that the MTV channel controls the “most up-front element of defiant youth culture” (Hamerlinck 44). In opposition to these views, the author contends that...
Public health is a term used to refer to measures, strategies, and models that are used to promote the wellbeing of people through prevention of diseases and elimination of factors that pose threats to their health. The main aim of public health is to improve the health of people and...
Violent crimes are as old as human history. They have evolved alongside human evolution. Also known as crimes of violence, these crimes involve using force to offend the victim. In legal definition, the objective of the offender is to commit a violent act. They also include actions in which the...
Introduction Presumption of Innocence Law is one of the main principles of judicial systems in Islamic legal structure. This is based on the principle of fairness, as Al-Kisswani (2013) upholds. When one is arrested on a suspected offence, the reason why he or she is taken to the courts is...
Introduction The world today is faced with many challenges that threaten the existence of humanity and the world itself. Although industrialization, urbanization, population growth, globalization, and other changes have brought positive effects to humanity, they have come with their negative effects. Today there is a strong debate on environmental change....
Introduction Nowadays, intercultural communication is one of the essential aspects of human life in society because globalization brought people together from different parts of the world. Personal and business correspondence, political and cultural dialogue, all forms of cooperation require to know and consider the characteristics of partners associated with their...
This research will differ substantially from other work carried out on the topic because not only will it get to the root cause of low African American participation in clinical trials by determining the most influential reasons, but it will also look for solutions to this problem of low participation....
Summary The Invisible Empire: A History of the Telecommunications Industry in Canada in 1846-1956 by Rens Jean-Guy and Kathe Roth. The book attempts to create the historical skeleton of the modern information and technology cultures, dating back from the mid-19th century to the emergence of the digital age with Canada...
Hopkins, M., & Spillane, J. (2014). Schoolhouse teacher educators: Structuring beginning teachers’ opportunities to learn about instruction. Journal of Teacher Education, 65 (4), 327-339. This article starts with two clearly stated research questions, viz. “Who is doing the work of beginning teacher education inside schools and how do these schoolhouse teacher...
Cardiovascular system The function of the organ system is to ensure that the body has an effective transport of nutrients, oxygen, hormones, carbon dioxide, blood cells, drug materials, electrolytes, and waste materials from one place to another (Russ, Fagan & Sunthareswaran 2006). The major function is to provide the body...
Effect of climatic conditions on Indoor air quality Climatic conditions have an adverse effect on indoor air quality, and hence the health of the individuals under consideration. When a certain location possesses extremely hot summers, then this condition is likely to increase the indoor temperature as well (Muhamad et al.,...